OHSAS18000 standard elements and understanding points 4.1 General requirements

  Standard content: The organization shall establish and protect an occupational safety and health management system

   Understand the main points: The organization should establish a management system for occupational safety and health.

  4.2 Policy

  Understand the main points:

  1. Top management approval

  2. Two promises

  3. Periodic Review

  4. Suitable for the organization

  5. Documentation

  6. Communicate to all employees

  7. Obtained by interested parties

  4.3 Plan

  4.3.1

  Standard Content: Hazard Identification, Hazard Evaluation and Hazard Control Plan

  Understand the main points:

  1. Procedures should be established and maintained to meet the requirements of identifying hazards and hazard factors, judging their importance, and updating the assurance system in a timely manner when new problems arise. Risk assessment and implementation of necessary control measures.

  2, this element process

  3. Routine activities: such as normal production activities

  4. Unconventional activities such as temporary repair activities, etc.

  5. Activities of all personnel entering the workplace, including employees, foreign visitors, etc.

  6. Facilities in the workplace

  ·The choice of evaluation method is not constant

  ·Selected method provides risk level

  ·The method should be combined with the actual production

  ·Method to provide equipment requirements information, training requirements to carry out operation control information

   · There must be necessary monitoring activities to ensure the effective and timely implementation of the method. For organizations that have not yet established a system, the first task is to conduct an initial review, review the content

  Regulatory requirements:

   Identification and evaluation of risk factors and determination of major risk factors

   Review of all current OSH management activities and procedures

   Consideration of risk factors in the evaluation of past incidents and accident investigations and feedback should include three states, three tenses and six types

  Three states: normal, abnormal and emergency

  Three tenses: past (eg legacy hazard) present future (potential regulatory requirement)

  Seven types: physical, chemical, biological, psychological, physiological, behavioral, other

  4.3.2 Legal and regulatory requirements

  Understand the main points:

  1. Establish procedures for identifying and obtaining regulatory requirements to be complied with

  2. Regulations should be kept up to date

  3. Communicate to employees and related parties

  4.3.3 Objectives

  Understand the main points:

  1. Meet the policy requirements

  2. Demonstrate a commitment to continuous improvement

  3. Establish goals at each function and level

  4, target documentation

  5. When establishing objectives, regulatory requirements and the views of stakeholders with major risks are critical, and are also limited by optional technical solutions, financial, operational and operational requirements

  Management plan

  Understand the main points:

  1. The management plan is formulated to achieve the goal

  2. The content of the management plan includes

   Specify responsibilities and authorities, specific responsible persons

   Develop methods and timelines to achieve goals

   Regularly review the plan and make provisions for revising the plan

  3. Generally speaking, a management plan should be prepared for major hazards and hazards

  4.4 Implementation and Operation

  4.4.1 Organization and Responsibilities

  Understand the main points:

  1. The roles, responsibilities and authorities of all post personnel, including the canteen, shall be specified, and documented and communicated.

  2. The ultimate responsibility rests with the top management

  3. Designate a manager representative

  4. Provide necessary resources

  5. Responsibilities of management

   Responsible for OHSAS

   Reporting system performance to top management

  4.4.2 Training, Awareness and Competence

  Understand the main points:

   Develop and maintain procedures, taking into account different levels and requirements

   Assess human abilities, determine training needs, and implement training

   Conduct safety awareness training for employees to make them aware

  1) Importance of compliance with policies, procedures and OHSAS requirements

  2) Personal benefits of improved occupational safety and health

  3) Know your responsibilities and authority

  4) The possible consequences of not following the regulations

  4.4.3 Negotiation and Exchange

  Understand the main points:

  1. Have procedures for the exchange of information about occupational safety and health risks and occupational safety and health management systems

  2. Negotiation and communication are divided into internal and external

  3. Internal communication and negotiation are conducted between various departments and levels. , For example, each department communicates with the management agency about the operation of the system, and the results of system monitoring, audit and management review are communicated to all employees. The content of the negotiation mainly includes the formulation of policies, goals, plans, and systems, risk identification, evaluation and control, and accident investigation. There are various ways of communication, such as processing. And should specify in the document, its employee rights.

   The formulation, review and revision of policies and procedures should involve the participation of employees

   Changes to workplace safety and hygiene should be discussed with employees

   Must have employee representatives

  Employees know management representative and employee representative

  4. External negotiation and communication

  External information exchange mainly refers to the receipt and reply of external related party information

   External communication is one means of identifying risk factors and assessing their importance.

  4.4.4 Documentation

   Understand the main points: management manuals, program files, work files, providing ways to query files (such as directories, reference files, etc.)

  4.4.5 Control of documents and materials

  Understand the main points:

  1. Develop procedures, including approval and release of documents

   File usage and management

   Document review and revision

   Processing and storage of invalid files

  2. Scope of file control

   System Documentation

   Regulatory documents, technical standards, inspection specifications

  4.4.6 Operation Control

  Understand the main points:

   For those activities that may lead to major accidents, corresponding documents should be formulated to clearly define the operating standards and requirements.

   Risks brought by related parties to the organization should have written management procedures, such as the provision of goods, the services of contractors, etc.

   For newly added work items, establish and maintain control procedures to eliminate or reduce risks according to their design and manpower allocation

  The contents of operation control include:

   Workplace Hazard Identification and Evaluation

   Product and Process Design Safety

   Work permit system (limited space, fire, excavation, etc.)

  Equipment maintenance

  Safety Equipment and Personal Protective Equipment

  Safety Signs

  Material Handling and Storage

  Transportation Safety

   Procurement Control

   Supplier and contractor evaluation and control, etc.

  4.4.7 Emergency plan and response

  Understand the main points:

   Develop and maintain procedures for handling accidents and emergencies

The    procedure should include at least:

  1) Identify potential accidents or emergencies and evaluate the likelihood of occurrence

  2) The possible impact after the occurrence and how to control its occurrence

  3) Possibility to respond after occurrence and reduce its impact

  4) Periodic test

   Establish a set of plans and procedures for evaluating emergency plans and responses

  The organization should have an on-site emergency plan for each major hazardous installation, which includes:

  1) Possible accident nature, consequences

  2) Contact with external agencies (firefighting, hospital, etc.)

  3) Alarm and contact procedures

  4) Responsibilities and obligations of emergency commanders and participants

  5) Location and organization of emergency command center

  6) Measures should be included, etc.

  4.5 Inspection and Corrective Action

  4.5.1 Performance Measurement and Monitoring

  Understand the main points:

  1. Create a program

   Procedures should tell staff how to conduct routine monitoring

  How to maintain the monitoring equipment and instruments used

  How to evaluate with reference to standards

  How to report to relevant departments

  2. Monitoring

   monitor the organization's activities to achieve its objectives

   Monitor major risk factors and keep them under control at all times

   Monitoring of compliance with occupational safety and health regulations

   Historical evidence of accidents, occupational diseases, incidents and other poor OSH performance (i.e. monitoring of problems that have occurred)

   Calibration and maintenance of monitoring equipment

   Evaluate monitoring results and compare with regulations, targets and indicators for continuous improvement

  3. Active monitoring and passive monitoring

   Proactive: proactive preventive surveillance

  Passive: Refers to the necessary measurement of reactivity, such as the measurement after the accident

  4.5.2 Compliance Evaluation

  Understand the main points:

  1. Create a program

   Procedures should inform staff how to evaluate compliance with applicable laws and regulations

  How to evaluate with reference to standards

  2, record

   Records of the results of periodic evaluations should be kept

  3.5.3 Incidents, incidents, nonconformities, corrective and preventive actions

  Understand the main points:

1. The establishment of procedures is mainly used to control and handle, investigate accidents and incidents that do not meet the requirements, and take measures to reduce adverse effects, take corrective measures to avoid recurrence, and evaluate corrective measures in the procedures to avoid new and greater risks. Make provision that new corrective actions should be subject to a risk assessment

  2. Do it for accidents, incidents and non-compliance (three do not let it go)

  Find out the reasons for non-compliance

   Take corrective action

   Modify the original program

   Documentation of nonconformities and corrective actions

  4.5.4 Records and records management

   Understanding Key Points: There are procedures for how records are identified, retained and disposed of

   Clear records, clear identification, easy access, well-preserved planning, storage period

  4.5.5 Audit

   Understand the main points: have procedures, determine plans (annual), determine frequency, determine methods (centralized, rolling), formulate specific plans, audit implementation and follow-up inspections, submit audit reports to top management for management review

  4.6 Management Review

  Understand Key Points: Top Management Responsibilities  At least once a year  Have pre-assessment information

  Review content:

  1) The conformity, adequacy and effectiveness of the evaluation system

  2) Internal Audit Report

  3) Policy, target, plan (program) and implementation

  4) Accident investigation and handling

  5) Non-compliance with corrective and preventive measures, implementation status

  6) Complaints, suggestions and requirements of related parties

  7) Are the resources for implementing the management system appropriate?

  8) Whether system elements and corresponding documents need to be revised

   Review results, conclusions or decisions should be implemented

  Keep Review Records

   Establish new goals and formulate new management plans

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